Kudiwa kwemapombi ekupisa muEurope

Kwemakore maviri apfuura, mapombi ekupisa ave achishingaira kushandiswa muEurope yose, uko anoonekwa sembiru inokosha mukushandurwa kwemaitiro ekupisa. European Commission, muchirongwa chayo che "REpowerEU" chakaziviswa muna Chivabvu apfuura, inodaidzira kuti chiyero chazvino chepombi yekupisa ichipetwa kusvika kuhuwandu hwekumisikidzwa kwemamiriyoni gumi mumakore mashanu anotevera.

Zvakare tarisiro nezvepombi dzekupisa ndeye Musk. PaTesla's Investor Day munaKurume, Musk akafumura iyo yaitarisirwa zvikuru Ambition III, iyo inoratidza nzira yakatsiga yepasirese. Mukuwedzera kune anonyanya kuzivikanwa photovoltaics, kuchengetedza simba, motokari dzemagetsi uye hydrogen, Musk akatarisa pamapombi ekupisa, teknolojia isinganyatsozivikanwi kuvanhu vose. Mumatanho mashanu akataurwa naMusk, danho rechitatu, "22%", zvinoreva Rega dzimba, mabhizinesi, kupisa kwemaindasitiri (kutonhora), kubva kumhepo yekupisa kupisa, nezvimwe zvinochinjirwa kumapombi ekupisa, ayo anogona kunyatso chengetedza simba uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta efossil ne22%.

"Mapombi ekupisa anogona kutamisa simba kubva kunze kwemba kuenda mukati memba, izvo zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba pakudziisa zvivakwa nechikamu chetatu." Musk akadaro. Mukuona kwaMusk, mapombi ekupisa achange aine mukana wekudzikisa kabhoni pane mota dzemagetsi uye achaita basa guru mukusimudzirwa kweramangwana rehupfumi hwesimba repasi. Akataura kuti kunyangwe Tesla isina zvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nepombi yekupisa panguva ino, inogona kugadzira mapombi ekupisa emumba anotengeswa kumusika mune ramangwana.

Kubva pakukakavadzana kweRussia-Ukrainian, nyika huru muEurope dziri kutarisana nekuwedzera kwakakomba gasi reRussia "cut-off" mamiriro. Panguva imwecheteyo, nyika dzeEurope dziri kuwedzerawo shanduko yesimba rekugadzirisa, vachitarisira kubvisa kutsamira kwesimba kuRussia. Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, kukurumidza kusimudzirwa kwemapombi ekupisa kutsiva gasi rechisikigo kupisa hakusi kungoderedza kudiwa kwekupisa kwechando, asiwo kukurumidza kushandurwa kwesimba reEurope mukati mepakati uye kwenguva refu chikamu chakakosha.

Sei kupisa pombi?

Heat pombi mudziyo unotamisa simba rekupisa kubva padanho rekudziya kubva padanho rekudziya kusvika padanho repamusoro rekupisa sosi, uye iri zvakare tekinoroji nyowani yemagetsi yakakwezva kutarisisa kwakawanda kutenderera pasirese. Yakasiyana neyakajairwa michina mudziyo unogona kuwedzera simba ringangove - "pombi"; kupisa pombi kazhinji kutanga kubva zvisikwa mhepo, mvura kana ivhu kuwana yakaderera-giredhi kupisa simba, pashure simba kuita basa, uye ipapo kupa vanhu yakakwirira-giredhi kupisa simba inogona kushandiswa. Kuenzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzekudziya, simba rekutanga rekushandisa kwemhepo-sosi yekupisa pombi ingori 27% yeiyo yemagetsi boilers, 49% yeiyo yemarasha-anopisa boilers uye 59% yeayo emagetsi anopisa gasi.

Mapombi ekupisa anoonekwa seimwe nzira inoenderana nemamiriro ekunze kune echinyakare masisitimu ekudziya (senge gasi kana mafuta anopisa moto), ane kupisa kwekuita kwe300% -400% kana kupfuura, kureva, kushandisa 1 kWh yemagetsi inogona kufamba 3-4 zvakapetwa. kupisa simba. Mapombi ekupisa anovimba nemagetsi kuti ashande, uye kana magetsi akagadzirwa kubva kune anogona kudzorerwazve, iyo yekudziya system haina kwayakarerekera kwemamiriro ekunze.

Mapombi ekupisa akaita sefiriji yakapidiguka. Ivo vanotora kupisa kubva kune zvakatipoteredza kupisa imba nemvura, uye vanoshandisa chikamu chimwe chete muzvina chesimba regasi boiler. Mapombi ekupisa anoshandisa magetsi akachena uye anoshanda zvakanyanya, saka hurumende yeGermany inoda kuvaita nhamba yekutanga kudziyisa system uye inoronga kuisa 500,000 itsva yekupisa pombi pagore kubva 2024 zvichienda mberi, ichisvika pamusika wemamiriyoni matanhatu panosvika 2030.

Maboiler ari kumhanyisa mafuta efossil ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekuti EU inyanyovimba negasi rechisikigo uye nei zvivakwa zvisiri munzira maererano nekubvisa carbonization. Zvinoenderana nedata rakabudiswa neEuropean Heat Pump Association, musika wepombi yekupisa wekuEurope wakatyora rekodhi nyowani muna 2022, uchitengesa mamirioni matatu emamiriyoni, kukura kunosvika 38%. Ongororo iyi inoratidza kuti kana chinangwa cheEU chekuisa mamwe mamirioni makumi matanhatu ekupisa pombi panosvika 2030 chazadzikiswa, kudiwa kwegasi rechisikigo muzvivakwa kuchadonha ne40% pakati pa2022 na2030.